Changa Manga Forest, located in the district of Kasur, Punjab, Pakistan, is renowned for being one of the largest artificially planted forests in the world. Spanning approximately 12,510 acres, this remarkable woodland was initially established in 1866 during British colonial rule to address the severe shortage of timber for railway and construction purposes. Today, Changa Manga forest not only serves as a vital ecological asset but also as a popular recreational spot attracting thousands of visitors each year.
Historical background of Changa Manga Forest
The forest was established in 1866 by the British primarily to supply fuelwood and railway sleepers for the North-Western Railway. The name “Changa Manga” originates from two famous bandit brothers of the 19th century, Changa and Manga, whose exploits were widely remembered in Punjab folklore. What began as an industrial plantation gradually transformed into a lasting model of managed woodland.
Biodiversity & Ecology
Changa Manga Forest stands as a shining example of successful human-made ecosystems, home to diverse flora and fauna. Primarily composed of Shisham (Dalbergia sissoo), Mulberry, Kikar (Acacia nilotica), and Eucalyptus trees, the forest offers a lush, green landscape, providing a refreshing escape from urban surroundings. Over the years, this forest has played a crucial role in the conservation of wildlife, hosting numerous species of animals and birds. Species like jackals, wild boars, nilgai, and peacocks find refuge here, thriving within the protected boundaries of this expansive reserve.
Wildlife Conservation Efforts
A notable highlight of this jungle is its wildlife breeding center, particularly recognized for its successful vulture conservation project. Initiated due to the drastic decline of vulture populations across South Asia, this breeding center has significantly contributed to reviving these vital scavengers. Visitors often find themselves fascinated by the conservation efforts and the dedicated staff committed to maintaining ecological balance.
Tourist Attractions in Changa Manga Forest Park
Apart from its ecological significance, Changa Manga Jungle is a cherished destination for recreation and tourism. The forest offers several attractions, including picnic areas, playgrounds, and walking trails that allow visitors to enjoy leisurely strolls beneath the canopy. Moreover, a small, scenic lake within the forest premises provides boating opportunities, making it a favorite among families seeking relaxation and adventure simultaneously.
The Changa Manga Zoo, located within the vast forest, is a popular attraction for families and tourists visiting the area. Established to complement the forest’s recreational facilities, the zoo houses a variety of native and exotic animals, including deer, jackals, monkeys, peafowl, and several bird species. It serves both as an educational spot for children and a leisure destination for visitors enjoying picnics in the forest.
Educational tourism also flourishes here, as numerous schools and environmental groups regularly organize educational trips aimed at raising awareness about the environment, conservation efforts, and sustainable forestry practices. These activities foster a deeper appreciation of nature and encourage younger generations to participate actively in environmental preservation.
Changa Manga Village
Changa Manga village lies on the northwestern and northern peripheries of the Changa Manga Forest, approximately 18 km north of Chunian city in Kasur District, Punjab. Its precise coordinates are 31° 5′ 17″ N (31.0881° N) and 73° 57′ 59″ E (73.9664° E), with an elevation of about 198 meters (650 feet) above sea level. Its surrounding areas are Chak no 32, Ahluwal, Kot Nankana and Chak no 33.
It is officially classified as a village in Chunian Tehsil, according to government records and census data. However, due to its size, infrastructure, and importance, it is often referred to as a small town in common usage.
Population and Literacy Rate
According to the 2017 Population and Housing Census of Pakistan, Changa Manga village had a total population1 of 3,786 residents. Of this, 1,912 were males and 1,874 were females, reflecting a relatively balanced gender distribution within the community.
The literacy rate of the village was recorded at approximately 63.12%, which is slightly above the average for rural settlements in Punjab. A clear gender gap exists in literacy, with male literacy standing at 73.54%, compared to 52.30% among females. While this highlights encouraging progress in male education, it also underscores the continuing need for improved access to education and literacy initiatives for women and girls in the area.
Health Facilities
There is one Rural Health Center RHC2 in Changa Manga which lies in south of the village on Chunian road. It serves as a public primary-level health facility under Punjab’s Provincial & Secondary Healthcare Department. It caters to the local community’s basic medical needs and plays a vital role in providing accessible healthcare in the rural outskirts of this area.
Education
In Changa Manga, the government has established few educational institutions to cater to the learning needs of the local community. The Government Associate College for Women3 provides higher education opportunities for female students, offering programs up to the associate degree level in arts and sciences with a wide range of subjects. This institution plays an important role in promoting women’s education in the area, ensuring access to advanced studies without the need to travel to distant cities. Alongside it, the Government High School for Boys serves as the primary secondary-level institution for male students, preparing them for board examinations and further academic pursuits.
Changa Manga Railway Station
Changa Manga Railway Station is a small but historically important stop located near the famous Jungle. Originally built during the British colonial era, it primarily served as a transit point for transporting timber and railway sleepers harvested from the man-made forest. Today, the station stands as a reminder of the region’s industrial past, linking the forest’s heritage with the broader railway network of Pakistan.
Location | Map
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